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Source material characteristics / typepreferred image file formats (in preference order) 1preferred image capture resolutions (in preference order)

Machine printed black and white text documents

  • The documents include no meaningful color content. The documents do not include color graphics, or color or black and white reproductions of photographs.

  • The document text is, in all cases, highly legible. The text is black or very dark printed on white or a very light colored paper.

  • The texts do not include handwritten comments (e.g., pencil annotations).
  1. TIFF format, bitonal (black and white); Group 4 compression. One image file per page-image.

  2. JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Lossless Compression format or JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Lossy Compression format, 8-bits per RGB channel. One image file per page-image.
  • 600 pixels per inch (ppi), relative to the size of the physical item depicted.
  • 400 ppi
  • 300 ppi

Printed or handwritten documents with color content

  • Items with meaningful color content, or printed continuous tone images
  • Discolored documents where the page background has darkened and the contrast between printed or handwritten information and page background is low, e.g.: documents that include light pencil annotations.
  1. Uncompressed, 8-bits per RGB channel TIFF images. One image file per item view.

  2. JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Lossless Compression format, 8-bits per RGB channel. One image file per item view.

  3. Color JPEG images saved at a “high” or “highest” quality setting. One image per item view.

  • 400 ppi
  • 300 ppi

Works of art, color photographs

  • original works of art
  • printed reproductions
  • photographic films
  • lantern slides
  • glass plate negatives
  • color and toned monochromatic photographic prints
  • Uncompressed, 8-bits per RGB channel TIFF images. One image file per item view.

  • JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Lossless Compression format, 8-bits per RGB channel. One image file per item view.

  • Color JPEG images saved at a “high” or “highest” quality setting. One image per item view.

preference orderReflective (e.g., prints)preference ordertransmissive (e.g., film)
1.600 ppi1.6000 pixels in long dimension
2.400 ppi2.4000 pixels or greater in long dimension
3.300 ppi



Monochromatic, black and white photographs, or continuous tone black and white images
preference orderReflective (e.g., prints)preference ordertransmissive (e.g., film)
1.600 ppi1.6000 pixels in long dimension
2.400 ppi2.4000 pixels or greater in long dimension
3.300 ppi



NOTE: ALL COLOR AND CONTINUOUS TONE BLACK & WHITE IMAGES should include embedded ICC display profiles, (e.g., sRGB, eciRGB, AdobeRGB, sGray).2

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We recommend repositories consider depositing the digital content it creates they create or acquires acquire into the Harvard Library Digital Repository Service (DRS).  You can find detailed information about DRS, including storage fees, on the Library Technology Services'  "DRS & Delivery Services" wiki page. 

Imaging Services offers Harvard-affiliated organizations DRS depositing services for digital collections requiring long-term preservation and access. Please consult our "Deposit Born-digital Content" page for more information.

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